Nortel Meridian :: essays research papers

INPUT/OUTPUT CRASH COURSE Meridian crash course faq798-5880 Posted: 20 May 05 (Edited 3 Jun 05) Programming Meridian SL1 PBX This is a short introduction into programming a Meridian PBX. The Meridian PBX's software divides information into LOADS. Each Load has a specific function for example. LD 20 is where you can print information about phones. The loads range from LD 01 - LD 143 How to HyperTerminal in to the PBX and VOICEMAIL Systems. 1. Launch HyperTerminal 2. Set phone number to your modem dialin number 3. Set terminal emulation to VT102 X Modem 4. Dial†¦ it should end up at a blank HyperTerminal window 5. Type the password to access the PBX modem. This will not show up on the screen when you type it. The screen should now display â€Å"Ok, You are now transparent to port 1†. 6. Type â€Å"logi† to login, then the password. 7. You should now have a > command prompt. To go from PBX commands to VOICEMAIL (in Hyperterminal) 1. Go to â€Å"File†, â€Å"Properties†, â€Å"Settings† and set the terminal emulation to VT100. 2. At the >, type â€Å"AX† 3. Hit â€Å"F1† to bring up the command bar at the bottom. 4. Hit â€Å"F1† again to Logon To go from VOICEMAIL back to PBX (in Hyperterminal) 1. EXIT all the way out of VOICEMAIL, back to where F1 says â€Å"logon† (lower left button) 2. Go to â€Å"File†, â€Å"Properties†, â€Å"Settings† and set the terminal emulation to VT52. 3. hit â€Å"Ctrl ]† TO EXIT IMPORTANT – Do NOT exit HyperTerminal until you have logged out of BOTH the VOICEMAIL and PBX Command System (â€Å"logo† is the PBX logout command) Basic commands LOGI = LOG IN LOGO = LOG OUT **** = TO CLOSE LOAD ** = RETURN TO REQ PROMPT ERR SCHXXXX = Explanation of error code ( ovl†¦sch†¦) DNB = DIRECTORY NUMBER (DN) a.k.a. phone extension ex: 2300 TNB = TERMINAL NUMBER (TN) (port number on the switch) = i.e. 24 00 02 05 - 24=Loop 00=Shelf 02=Card 05=Unit = *Please note: Enter "spaces" between the numbers: CUST: Customer number (almost always "0" unless you have more then one customer set up) Short Cut's For Option 11's: When entering the "TN" information you don't have to insert all the 0's. i.e. 09 00 00 02 would only be 9 2. ============================================================ Logging in: Be carful not to log in more than 3 time incorrectly, If you see OVL400 this means you are locked out for up to 45 Minutes. You should see this when you press return:">" or "OVL000"

Red bull Essay

Red Bull is a functional beverage founded by Austrian entrepreneur, Dietrich Mateschitz, in 1984. Containing ingredients such as taurine and caffeine, Red Bull beverages are specially developed for those who wish to be physically and mentally active. The various product variants under Red Bull aim to enhance performance, concentration and stimulate metabolism which improves the overall well-being of consumers. Red Bull is currently present in over 162 countries, and holds 65% of the worldwide energy drink market. With a witty slogan â€Å"Red Bull gives you wings†, the product is marketed through advertising, extreme sports tournament sponsorships, sports team ownerships, athlete endorsements, online games and a record label, Red Bull Records. However, in the fast progressing beverage industry cluttered with many substitutes and large competitors, Red Bull might face issues concerning its lack of product variability as well as arising health concerns with regards to its high caffeine content. In order to tackle these issues, we will first conduct a SWOT analysis to determine the internal and external environment which Red Bull is operating in. Secondly, we will conduct an in-depth analysis on Red Bull’s market structure and control systems to determine if these systems are effective complementing strategy implementation. Lastly, we will provide relevant recommendations to address the issues and problems faced by Red Bull in its strive expand and grow globally. 2.0 SWOT Analysis of Red Bull Strengths †¢ Market share leadership with approximately 65% market share in the energy drinks market. †¢ Strong reputation especially backed up by strong customer loyalty from Generation Y †¢ Strong brand identity since its incorporation in 1987 with steady growth into a market giant and is now synonymous with brand and product excellence. Weakness †¢ Small product base as Red Bull markets only 4 branded products (Red Bull Energy Drink, Red Bull sugarfree, Red Bull energy shot and Red Bull Cola), therefore vulnerable to market fluctuations †¢ Lack of product innovation thus being left behind when a number of new energy drinks have been launched in 2004. Opportunities †¢ Could diversify retail outlets and distribution network by means of capitalizing on vending machines as a new route to increase sales as well as keep up with industry trends. †¢ Potential to extend product lines by adding new products, such as new flavours, forms, colours, added ingredients and packages sizes. †¢ Marketing their products as functional drinks so as to capitalize on strong consumer awareness of its brand. †¢ Geographical expansion in the Asia Pacific regions by building upon developing markets such as India. Threats †¢ Imminent threat of new entrants as the energy drink industry has always been considerably attractive due to its high profit margin †¢ Near zero switching cost for consumers makes it even easier and more attractive for new entrants to capture market share †¢ Real threat of substitute products which serve the same functional purpose of Red Bull but main ingredient of caffeine replaced by electrolytes, which is a healthier choice. †¢ Government regulations could pose as a threat to the expansion and penetration plans of  Red Bull as their products is not just another flavoured beverage in the market; the high caffeine content in the drink has always been a concern to certain interest groups. †¢ Recent popularity with organic food and drinks products could eat into Red Bull’s market share, especially when Red Bull’s market is seen to be in the maturing stage. 3.0 Analysis of Red Bull’s Market Structure and Control Systems 3.1 Market Structure 3.1.1 The number of players in the Energy Drink Market  Red Bull belongs to an oligopoly market structure where the market is dominated by a few large players. The degree of market concentration is relatively high with a large % of it taken up by Red Bull. There are currently more than 30 types of energy-drink products in the market, with Red Bull occupying the largest market share of approximately 65%. With the number of players in the market, there is therefore certain degree of interdependence between firms and it is necessary for Red Bull to take into account the likely reactions of other firms during strategy planning. 3.1.2 The Degree of Product Differentiation in the Market Being in an oligopoly market structure, Red Bull produces branded products where advertising and marketing is an important feature of competition. The different types of energy drinks in the market serve as close substitutes to Red Bull. Hence, Red Bull presents itself as a premium product, having â€Å"a unique combination of high quality ingredients† (Red Bull, n.d.) which â€Å"vitalizes body and mind† (Red Bull, n.d.). It segments its market differently from its competitors, focusing on performance-oriented individuals who want to have a clear, focused mind and a fun and active lifestyle. This has resulted in Red Bull pricing its product higher than its competitors. For instance, an 8.4 fl oz. can of Red Bull retail for $2.59 whereas a 16 fl oz. can of Rockstar retails for $1.50, which constitute to about half the price per fl oz. as compared to Red Bull. 3.1.3 The Ease of Entry and Exit Into And Out Of the Energy Drink Market There are huge, though not insurmountable, barriers to entering the energy drink market. One prevalent barrier is brand loyalty which Red Bull has built up over the years. This strong brand loyalty has the effect of reducing consumer  consideration of alternatives in the marketplace. Also, the high initial capital cost associated with research and development prior to formulating energy drinks could deter potential competitors from entering the market. In addition, government policies pertaining to licensing and patents create the biggest barrier to entry, which aids in the dominance Red Bull enjoys today. 3.2 Marketing Control System In order to ensure that the company’s objectives are achieved, Red Bull markets its energy drink in three ways, namely the media advertising, sports and event sponsoring as well as sampling. The three marketing techniques not only increase the brand awareness of Red Bull, but assist the management in terms of market control. Additionally, Red Bull also performs control techniques in the following ways. 3.2.1 Intensive Research Work Firstly, Red Bull conducts on-going research to determine if consumers are satisfied with its product. This includes sampling to its primary target market – tired people who need energy. Through sampling, consumers are able to provide feedback on the product, essentially its taste, packaging and effects. If there is negative feedback received, Red Bull will then look for ways to improve so as to meet consumer needs. 3.2.2 Internal Statistics Secondly, Red Bull uses statistics such as sales, revenue and market share to assess if its marketing strategies are successful. Based on analysis, a total of 4,204 billion cans of Red Bull were sold worldwide in 2010, which signifies an increase of 7.6% against 2009 (Red Bull, n.d.). This can be one of the factors indicating that Red Bull is heading in the right direction in marketing its product. 3.2.3 Marketing and Pricing Strategies Thirdly, Red Bull employs advertising strategies that are suitable to its primary target market. Hence, at this moment, Red Bull does not need to adjust its strategies to change consumer perception. Nonetheless, if Red Bull has decided to introduce new uses for its product, changes have to be made to the advertising strategies to market the new uses. However, unlike most companies which adopt pricing strategies that involve adjusting the  product prices to meet market changes so as to remain competitive, Red Bull does otherwise. Consumer reviews state that Red Bull is being priced steeper as compared to other energy drinks in the market. Despite that, Red Bull continues to maintain its premium price as it has positioned itself as a premium product. 4.0 Solutions and Recommendations Q1. Red Bull should construct a market-oriented mission statement, focusing on customer needs rather than products. A product-centered mission statement is too myopic and does not reflect the long-lasting basic market need. Red Bull’s mission statement has to reflect the company’s core product, position in the market, distinctive competencies, and lastly, it has to be motivating. Our group proposal of Red Bull’s mission statement: â€Å"As a market leader, Red Bull promotes an active lifestyle by providing high-quality energy drinks to the global market, empowering our customers to live to their fullest potential and have the courage to achieve their dreams.† Q2. Red Bull has managed to identify the best target market. Red Bull has segmented the market as follows: Demographic segmentation Red Bull is targeting young teenagers to busy working adults. It targets students who often suffer from exhaustion, blue collared workers who require strength for their manual jobs, and office professionals, who require concentration to focus in meetings and their respective work. Psychographic segmentation Red Bull targets markets based on the consumers’ lifestyles. These consumers include party-goers, sportsmen and gamers. In terms of the personalities of the customers, Red Bull targets those who are able to connect with the brand image of Red Bull, which is to live with zest and lead a fun, happening and risk-taking lifestyle. Product – Red Bull does not have a wide variety of flavours – only original, sugar free, cola and Red Bull shot. The rationale for this is mainly to establish a clear core product. Furthermore, Red Bull is recognized as an energy drink that gives a strong and immediate energy boost to improve performance. In terms of design and packaging, a Red Bull can is small and easy to carry which is chromed, making it reflective and hence, it can catch a customer’s eye easily. As for recommendations, Red Bull could produce an alcoholic beverage of its own, which can be sold over-the-shelf in stores. This would be able to create new product that mixes Red Bull and alcohol. Thus, the non-party-goers can have a taste of an alcoholic Red Bull as well. Promotion – One of the most well-known activities that Red Bull has been involved in for many years is Formula 1. This is a form of above-the-line advertising done by Red Bull to increase consumer awareness of Red Bull. Other than that, Red Bull also engages in â€Å"Opinion Leader Marketing† by having more than 250 agreements with top athletes. This is to attract people who follow and look up to these athletes. Red Bull’s strategy of attracting celebrities to endorse their products is very unique because they do not pay the celebrities a single cent. Instead, they approach athletes who support Red Bull wholeheartedly. Q5. Red bull’s competitors come in two forms – direct and indirect. This is measured by how close these competing products are in relation to Red Bull’s. The direct competitors would be those who produce similar utility/functional products, such as Monster, Rockstar and Naughty G. Indirect competitors would be other drinks that are somewhat similar but do not give the same benefits as Red Bull. Examples would be Pepsi and Coke (caffeinated and soft drinks, but not energy drinks) and 100 Plus and H20(sports and soft drinks, but not caffeinated). Clearly indirect competitors are furthest away in terms of substitutability. Examples are Nescafe (caffeine only), Sprite (soft drink only) and Gatorade (sports drink only). Q6. Currently, we think Red Bull’s marketing strategy is already very successful. In relation to how Red Bull reaches out to ‘tired’ and ‘exhausted’ people by giving them free samples, we feel there might not be such a strong need to raise more awareness about the product as it has already established itself adequately. Instead, Red Bull can invest in product Research and Development, which might enable Red Bull to introduce more flavours and variety to its current line of products. Red Bull can introduce â€Å"limited edition† flavours, where they can bring in new flavours for a limited period of time, and then see how well the sales of the new flavours turn out to be before deciding to permanently add them to their product line. For example, Red Bull can come out with a product comprising of natural ingredients, such as Siberian/American Ginseng(natural alternatives to caffeine), or add in some vitamins like vitamin C to its existing products , which might capture more of the ‘health-conscious’ consumers. Furthermore, this might attract Asian consumers who prefer traditional/herbal ingredients. Control measures: Analysis of how the market share amongst Asian consumers is affected(look at sales, growth, etc.). Red Bull can also give free samples to consumers, just like how it does for its existing products through its Red Bull vehicles. Along with their free samples, they can conduct surveys on the consumers and ask for their feedback. Also, they can conduct online surveys, as the use of online social media is largely pervasive today. Red Bull can build a theme park comprising of extreme rides. It can aim to break the world records for the highest roller coaster drop or have the fastest ride. In this theme park, it can also provide complementary Red Bull drinks to its visitors. This will also be a great avenue for new flavours to be sampled. Such an extreme theme park would create much buzz all around the world, and people who visit the theme park will definitely share their extreme experiences with their friends. Thus, Red Bull would have come out with another form of its already famous buzz marketing. Control measures: By calculating the theme park’s return on marketing investment. Building such a theme park has a lot of fixed costs, like the costs of land and constructions. Hence, it is easy to calculate total cost. Furthermore, sales can also be easily calculated by simply looking the number of tickets sold. Therefore, it would be easy to calculate the theme park’s return on marketing investment. ​ Q7. Small Asian Businesses have relatively lower financial power as compared to big companies. They face difficulty competing with the big companies given similar products. To simply put it, they are the small ‘fishes’ regardless of the size of the market. Firstly, like Red bull, they can focus on a small product base and differentiate their products from the competitors’. They can identify the right market segments and target markets which have been relatively untouched and fit their products to be the most attractive for the consumers in their targeted markets. Like Red Bull, small Asian businesses should create an efficient Marketing Informatics Systems (MIS) and have an  appropriate mix of marketing research and intelligence, so that they are constantly able to discover new opportunities and cater to the needs of consumers, and at the same time be aware of their competitors’ strategies. Also, small Asian businesses can adopt Red Bull’s stealth marketing approach. This eliminates costs such as large scale advertising costs coming from big billboards or banners for example. Red Bull has also shown through stealth marketing that doing something unorthodox and not merely following what everyone else does can also lead to success. Therefore, small Asian businesses can draw inspiration from this and be creative and brave in their marketing strategies. References http://www.redbull.com/cs/Satellite/en_INT/Red-Bull-Energy-Drink/001242937921959 Drawert. http://www.drawert.com/red_bull_1.php

College Is Not For Everyone - 1286 Words

Ever since you can remember, you have been attending school, either because your parents said so, it s required by the government, or because you really want to further your education. When senior year approaches your future is literally in your hands. You are trying to decide which route to take. Should you take the route that most kids take after graduation; college, or should you chose your own path. You began to consider the cost, the effectiveness, and other problems associated with college which makes you start to reconsider if college is actually worth it. You have to decide whether to go to college, an alternative institute, or to get a job. Your dreams are big and you know the chances of achieving them are less if you do not receive a college degree. After all, a college degree is a life necessity, depending on what your dreams are. Not everyone would agree with the sentence above, especially Charles Murray. Charles Murray, a political scientist and author, believes college is not for everyone. Murray himself writes, But while it is true that the average person with a B.A. makes more than the average person without a B.A., getting a B.A. is still going to be the wrong economic decision for many high school graduates. I have to disagree with Murray on that because he overlooks the fact that when one is investing in college, one is investing in their self. The result of a college degree weighs much more than the initial investment. In the end it is all worthShow MoreRelatedIs College For Everyone? Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pages In her article â€Å"Is College for Everyone?† blogger and college professor Pharinet discusses the value of a college education and debates whether or not it is worth it to pursue a continued education. The author’s purpose for writing this article is to attempt to change a popular societal opinion that it is necessary to attend college in order to succeed. She argues that there are students who are often unprep ared for the challenges and responsibilities of attending college, but attend simply forRead MoreCollege Is Not for Everyone1946 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿College is not for Everyone Introduction It is a well known fact but there are many people including counselors, parents, teachers, and friends who resist saying it out loud for fear it will sound like discouragement and negativity: college is definitely not for everyone. The pressure on high schools students, especially those that excel, to attend a college or university is enormous. And in the case of a bright, industrious and motivated high school student, attending a college or universityRead MoreCollege Is Not For Everyone2051 Words   |  9 Pages College Is Not for Everyone Joseph G. Valencia Hudson County Community College April 24, 2015 Bibliography with Summary Many people believe that education is the key to success. Hoping that if people finished college, they will land a good and stable job. Precisely, college degree has a huge positive impact for most people because employers will look at employees’ education and experience in their resumes to exceed their expectations. However, college is ineffective to some people yet manyRead MoreIs College For Everyone?843 Words   |  4 Pagesand peregrinate to college to get a degree for their future jobs. There is an author, Pharinet, who verbally expresses that, â€Å"That there are too many students enrolled in school who simply don’t belong there† (680). Pharinet says that in her article, â€Å"Is College for Everyone?† She argues that college is not for everyone and that students should think deeply afore enrolling. She claims that students who are not academically ready and financially stable are the most mundane in college. Pharinet commencesRead MoreIs College For Everyone?881 Words   |  4 PagesIs College for Everyone? The evolution of time is the cause of the various changes in the universe; it keeps on producing new concepts to challenge and a better understanding of the importance of education in everyone’s life. Despite all of the struggling college students might face, yet college education is always a smart decision and the right investment towards the future. Earning a bachelor s degree is an extremely valuable step which prepares the person for a long journey of a wide varietyRead MoreIs College For Everyone? Essay1813 Words   |  8 PagesIn her article â€Å"Is College for Everyone?†, blogger and college professor Pharinet discusses the value of a college education and debates whether or not it is worth it to pursue a continued education. The author’s purpose for writing this article is to attempt to change a popular societal opinion that it is necessary to attend college in order to succeed. She argues that there are students who are often unprepared for the chall enges and responsibilities of attending college, but attend simply forRead MoreIs college For Everyone Essays656 Words   |  3 PagesLancaster November 6, 2013 Arnold Clay ENC1101 Is College for Everyone?: Comparative Rhetorical Analysis Since the first GI Bill was passed after World War II universities have been steadily increasing. Currently there are more than 4000 college like institutions in the United States. Public policy has been making higher education more reachable for example by creating federal student loan programs so everyone has a chance to attend college. But recently we have seen the cost of a four year degreeRead MoreCollege Can Be For Everyone1009 Words   |  5 PagesSpiritual Success College can be for everyone. Who would not appreciate a diploma that recognizes the commitment to at least four years of higher education? Whether one seeks an occupation, financial stability, or personal growth, a college education serves numerous benefits. As methods of education continue to evolve, pushing many over the top while leaving some behind, education is a human right we must not neglect to practice. Matt Price’s Article College isn’t for everyone -- No, Really discussesRead MoreCollege is not for everyone Essay1046 Words   |  5 Pages College is not for Everyone One question that comes to mind when graduating high school is, â€Å"should I attend college?† For many graduates this question have a very obvious answer. A high school graduate may state that, â€Å"college is the best option if one is trying to get a higher level of education, and will help one compete for a higher paying job.† However, in my opinion most graduates do not consider the fact that going to college is a very big decision to make and that the schoolwork will notRead MoreCollege Education Is Not Granted For Everyone1461 Words   |  6 PagesMonica Sanad Professor Benjamin Bever English 112 26 April 2016 XX TITLE XX In retrospect, college education, in the old days, has been a privilege that was not granted for everyone. Unfortunately, this was a detriment likely to be caused by the inequality at race, gender or wealth. However, as humans have evolved beyond such inane, discriminatory issues, more people were able to go to college and earn a degree for a living, thus improving their quality of life and acting as a driving force to the

Analysis Of The Article Heart Of Darkness Essay

1. determiner: Words such as â€Å"a/an,† â€Å"the,† â€Å"some,† and â€Å"my† are determiners, which are utilized to â€Å"determine† what nouns mean. â€Å"A/an† and â€Å"the† can be considered to be the most significant determiners. â€Å"A/an† and â€Å"the† also are known as articles. A more comprehensive list of determiners would include â€Å"any,† â€Å"each,† â€Å"every,† â€Å"no,† â€Å"his,† â€Å"this/that,† â€Å"these/those,† â€Å"his,† â€Å"her,† â€Å"its,† â€Å"your,† â€Å"our,† and â€Å"their.† A concept basic to articles is countability, and they pose difficult challenges for L2 learners regarding, for example, which nouns are countable or uncountable in English since countability, while very important, can be difficult to quantify. An example regarding the use of the article would be the novel Heart of Darkness. Not having an article at the beginning of this title appears more a matter of style than grammar, and also is a characteristic of headlines, titles, and names. So while conventionally a countable noun (such as heart) needs a determiner (the, a, this, or my), not applying this rule could be confusing to an L2 learner expecting an article. 2. perfective: In English, there are two aspects (see next entry for a definition of â€Å"aspect†)—perfect (also called perfective) and continuous (also termed progressive). The perfect aspect establishes a connection between two periods of time while the continuous aspect typically connotes that an activity still is occurring, is seen from a specific juncture in time, and the verbs employed are those typicallyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Article Heart Of Darkness Essay1598 Words   |  7 Pagesknown as articles. A more comprehensive list of determiners would include â€Å"any,† â€Å"each,† â€Å"every,† â€Å"no,† â€Å"his,† â€Å"this/that,† â€Å"these/those,† â€Å"his,† â€Å"her,† â€Å"its,† â€Å"your,† â€Å"our,† and â€Å"their.† A concept basic to articles is countability, and they pose difficult challenges for L2 learners regarding, for example, which nouns are countable or uncountable in English since countability, while very important, can be difficult to quantify. An example regarding the use of the article would be the novel Heart of DarknessRead MoreGender Role In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesGender Role In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness For the most part people who read Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may feel that the novella is strictly a story of exploration and racial discrimination. But to Johanna Smith who wrote â€Å"’Too Beautiful Altogether’: Ideologies of Gender and Empire in Heart of Darkness† it is much more than that. Johanna Smith along with Wallace Watson and Rita A. Bergenholtz agree that throughout Heart of Darkness there are tones of gender prejudice, but the wayRead MoreThe Journey In â€Å"Heart Of Darkness† Spans Not Only The Capricious1222 Words   |  5 PagesThe journey in â€Å"Heart of Darkness† spans not only the capricious waters extending our physical world, but also the perplexing ocean which exists in the heart of man. Through Marlow s somewhat overenthusiastic eyes, we perceive the mystery that is humanity, and the blurred line between darkness and light. It is an expedition into the deepest crevices of the human heart and mind bringing on an awa reness, and finally descending into the abyss of hell abiding in each of us. Conrad’s use of wordplayRead MoreEthnocentrism: with Whom Resides the Heart of Darkness?790 Words   |  4 PagesEthnocentrism 1 Ethnocentrism With Whom Resides the Heart of Darkness? Antonio Arevalo James Campbell High School Ethnocentrism 2 Abstract This paper discusses Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrads most acclaimed novel, and attempts to determine what the heart of darkness that Conrad speaks of is. I found, through my interpretations, that the heart of darkness is the ethnocentrism that Europeans maintained in the age of colonialism. More specifically, this ethnocentrism broughtRead More Misleading Interpretations of Conrads Heart of Darkness Essays1186 Words   |  5 PagesMisleading Interpretations of Conrads Heart of Darkness Chinua Achebe, a well-known writer, once gave a lecture at the University of Massachusetts about Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, entitled An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness. Throughout his essay, Achebe notes how Conrad used Africa as a background only, and how he set Africa up as a foil to Europe,(Achebe, p.251) while he also projects the image of Africa as the other world, the antithesis of Europe andRead MoreHeart Of Darkness Essay1426 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Conrads novel Heart of Darkness uses character development and character analysis to really tell the story of European colonization. Within Conrads characters one can find both racist and colonialist views, and it is the opinion, and the interpretation of the reader which decides what Conrad is really trying to say in his work. Chinua Achebe, a well known writer, once gave a lecture at the University of Massachusetts about Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, entitled An image of Africa:Read MoreEssay on Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1414 Words   |  6 Pageswith a leader of a community who has this type of unchecked power and influence with a happy ending. Perhaps the greatest story ever written about good vs. evil, madness, abuse of power along with influence, and nature just might be Heart of Darkness. Heart of Darkness, written by Joseph Conrad tells the story of an agent named Marlow, who experiences hellish conditions and behaviors whilst trying to rescue a man named Kurtz, who turns out to be quite a handful. Throughout this journey the moral ramificationsRead More Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India1683 Words   |  7 Pagesis best to analyze the works, Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India, applying the historical and cultural conditions of the society in w hich they were produced. The relations between groups and classes of people that imperialism sets up, and that these two works explore, starkly reveals the contradictions within capitalism in a way that a similar piece of fiction set within one culture and dealing with characters from that culture alone cannot. Prior to the analysis however, I would like to giveRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne And Edgar Allen Poe1318 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristics of America’s Puritan thought. Both Hawthorne and Poe apprehend the impact of transgression and evil on humanity. â€Å"The Birthmark† and †Ligeia† both recognize that a yearning for perfection can generate a dark obsession that directs the heart and will of man. â€Å"The Birthmark† is a tale of a youthful woman, Georgina, who has a hand-shaped mark upon her cheek and has been convinced by her husband to get the birthmark removed because in his eyes it limits her perfection. She feels the pressureRead Mo reThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad968 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph Conrad’s novella The Heart of Darkness has been under controversy because of racial interpretations. The race factor in this novel has made some scholars and professors question the function the novella has in the classroom. However, Joseph Conrad had another view when writing the novel; to demonstrate how prejudice and dehumanizing the European culture is towards African Americans and their culture during this time period. European’s superior authority over African Americans is portrayed

Abortion is Not Moral Essay - 1037 Words

Abortion; as defined by Merriam-Webster dictionary is, â€Å"the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus. This is the definition of abortion of which I will be reviewing its ethical status. After Roe vs Wade, the supreme court simultaneously decided that women have the right of privacy under the 14th amendment; making it acceptable to abort a pregnancy within the first trimester (Vaughn 119). The main argument on abortion is really a debate on human life, and whether it has value from the moment of conception. Each and every human life is composed of intrinsic value, and has the right to live. Killing an innocent human being is wrong, and fetuses are innocent†¦show more content†¦To act only according to the maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law, and 2. Act so that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or another, always as an end and never a means†(Vaughn 68,69). Now that the deontological approach is better understood, we can now apply it to the issue of abortion. The deontological stance assumes two things. Firstly, moral actions are objectively binding and are assumed as universal law, and secondly, that humans are of intrinsic value. Given the truth of deontological ethics, it is reasonable to assume that a definitive conclusion can be made on whether abortion is a morally right or a morally wrong action. The position I will be holding to is that abortion; as defined, is morally wrong. All humans have intrinsic value, seems as self-evident as any statement can possibly be;and as previously stated I will be assuming the truth of this statement, but then the question emerges. Are fetuses human? At first it seems self-evident; that the fetus in question is obviously a human fetus and not a bovine fetus, or a feline fetus. Some argue that further qualifying properties must be added to the concept of being human to discount a fetus being human;such as the argument of personhood. The argument is as follows; that a â€Å"fetus† is not a person unless it contains one of the following qualities: â€Å"1) consciousness and the capacity to feel pain, 2) reasoning, 3) self-motivated activity, 4)Show MoreRelatedIs Abortion Moral Or Moral?1018 Words   |  5 Pagesbreath. The true dilemma here is not the accurate pinpointing of life’s beginning, but the questions that accompany this topic and each individuals desire to do the right thing, the moral thing. While one point of view allows for abortion the other does not. The issue raises many questions of morality. Is abortion moral? When does it become murder? When is it permissible? (Life of the mother at stake / A product of rape). Should it be the mother’s choice? Many arguments for both sides pull from scriptureRead MoreAbortion and Morals1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe Immorality of Abortion Religion, personal rights, or science normally fuels the debate on abortion. However abortion can be looked at philosophically and debated whether it is moral or immoral. In this paper I will argue that abortion is immoral because it deprives the zygote from any future life. In The Journal of Philosophy, Don Marquis argues in his essay, â€Å"Why Abortion is Immoral† that abortion is wrong because it deprives the fetus of a ‘future like ours’Read MoreAbortion : Ethical And Moral1495 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion Introduction Is it ethical and moral to have an abortion? The definition of abortion is â€Å"deliberate removal or deliberate action to cause the expulsion of a fetus from the womb of a human female, at the request of or through the agency of the mother, so as in fact to result in the death of the fetus† (Merriam-Webster, 2016). What about the morality of un-coerced, human abortion for our purposes abortions are voluntary, deliberate removals of a human fetus (Objections to Warren, 2016)Read MoreThe Moral Issue Of Abortion987 Words   |  4 PagesMoral Issue of Abortion There are many moral topics people can chose to debate about. One of the most popular ones is abortion and whether it is morally right or if it is morally wrong. Personally I believe abortion is morally wrong. The main reason is taking another persons life. There are many causes and outcomes that can take place. First, the main point of sexual intercourse is reproduction so if the two people create a child they are morally in charge of protecting the new life being createdRead MoreThe Moral Issue Of Abortion Essay1134 Words   |  5 PagesThe moral issue that is selected in the essay is about abortion. Abortion a standard ethical issue often discussed in moral philosophy. It is a matter that is raised when talking about issues of the beginning of life. The biggest problem that surrounds this concerns the life of the fetus or the unborn child. On whether it has a right to life or whether the mother of the unborn fetus has a right to terminate it or not. A lot of controversies has su rrounded this area of the debate, and it is the basisRead MoreMoral Standing on Abortion1087 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 2014 Moral Standing on Abortion To say that a person has moral standing is to give consideration to his or her wellbeing. According to Robert M. Veatch’s The Basic of Bioethics, moral standing is believed to be â€Å"that humans (at least normal humans) have moral standing [as well as] other animals† (27). Moral standing is determined by the physical or mental capacities of self-awareness or rationality. However, controversy arises when determining when one actually has full moral standing. AbortionRead MoreThe Moral Permissibility Of Abortion Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesThe moral permissibility of abortion other than if necessary to save the life of the mother does not depend on whether the fetus is a person. This essay examines the argument to why abortion is morally permissible and defends this notion using three central impressions, to which the essay is organized by the following: first, abortion does not depend on whether the fetus is a person, because the fetus is not a person. Second, the moral permissibility of abortion cannot be exclusively contingent inRead MoreThe Moral Permissibility Of Abortion974 Words   |  4 PagesMoral Permissibility of Abortion Abortion has been a debating issue for many decades. Most of the countries, permit abortion, however, some religions and countries consider abortion to be morally and ethically impermissible. In Canada, the abortion was legalized in 1988 based on the fact that the law should not force a women to carry a fetus beyond her priorities as it would interfere with her body and her own securities towards life. Many would argue against this view by stating that a fetus doesRead MoreAbortion is Moral Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pageslife marked by such severe oppression. Drawing on the views of Rosalind Hursthouse regarding virtue ethics and abortion, and applying her ideas to the aforementioned scenario, we can assess how virtue theory would deliberate this particular moral problem. Hursthouses theory, in application to this scenario, should stand up to criticism without weakening its application to morals. Abortion, when considered with the â€Å"right attitude† and carried out for good reason given the circumstances, can be theRead MoreThe Ethics And Morals Of Abortion Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ethics and Morals of Abortion Abortion, as it is, is a method to terminate a pregnancy by removing a fetus or an embryo out of the woman’s uterus. It is one of the most controversial problematic issues that is discussed throughout the decades. The topic of abortion was considered as a social issue that soon became a political and ethical subject. Abortion have become a heated public distribute on whether its method are morally permissible or not? Individuals have voiced the benefits and disadvantages

Natural Resources Free Essays

string(62) " the ability to change raw materials into valuable resources\." Natural resource Natural resources (economically referred to as land or raw materials) are naturally forming substances that are considered valuable in their relatively unmodified (natural) form. A natural resource’s value rests in the amount and extractability of the material available and the demand for it. The latter is determined by its usefulness to production. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Resources or any similar topic only for you Order Now A commodity is generally considered a natural resource when the primary activities associated with it are extraction and purification, as opposed to creation. Thus, mining, petroleum extraction, fishing, hunting, and forestry are generally considered natural-resource industries, while agriculture is not. The term was introduced to a broad audience by E. F. Schumacher in his 1973 book Small is Beautiful. [1] The term is defined by the United States Geological Survey as â€Å"The Nation’s natural resources include its minerals, energy, land, water, and biota. â€Å"[2] | | Classification of natural forms Natural resources are mostly classified into renewable and non-renewable resources. Sometimes resources are classified as non-renewable even if they are technically renewable, just not easily renewed within a reasonable amount of time, such as fossil fuels. Non-renewable resources Main article: Non-renewable resource Some non-renewable resources can be renewable but take an extremely long time to renew. Fossil fuels, for example, take millions of years to form and so are not practically considered ‘renewable’. Different non-renewable resources like oil, coal, natural gas etc. have different levels of demand from different sectors like transportation and residences with each resource specializing for each sector. 3] Many environmentalists propose a tax on consumption of non renewable resources. Non-renewable resources cannot be replaced or can only be replaced over thousands or millions of years. Natural capital Natural resources are natural capital converted to commodity inputs to infrastructural capital processes. [4][5] They include soil, timber, oil, minerals, and other goods harvested from the Earth. Both extraction of the basic resource and refining it into a purer, directly usable form, (e. g. , metals, refined oils) are generally considered natural-resource activities, even though the latter may not necessarily occur near the former. This process generates high profits due to the high demand for the natural resources and the energies that they are able to generate. A nation’s natural resources often determine its wealth in the world economic system and its diplomatic, military, and political influence. Developed nations are those which are less dependent on natural resources for wealth, due to their greater reliance on infrastructural capital for production. However, some see a resource curse whereby easily obtainable natural resources could actually hurt the prospects of a national economy by fostering political corruption. Political corruption can negatively impact the national economy because time is spent giving bribes or other economically unproductive acts instead of the generation of generative economic activity. This has been seen over the years with legislation passed to appease companies who will benefit. There also tends to be concentrations of ownership over specific plots of land that have proven to yield natural resources. In recent years, the depletion of natural capital and attempts to move to sustainable development have been a major focus of development agencies. This is of particular concern in rainforest regions, which hold most of the Earth’s natural biodiversity – irreplaceable genetic natural capital. Conservation of natural resources is the major focus of natural capitalism, environmentalism, the ecology movement, and green politics. Some view this depletion as a major source of social unrest and conflicts in developing nations. Types of resources Natural Resources Natural resources are derived from the environment. Many of them are essential for our survival while others are used for satisfying our wants. Natural resources may be further classified in different ways. On the basis of origin, resources may be divided into: †¢ Biotic – Biotic resources are the ones which are obtained from the biosphere. Forests and their products, animals, birds and their products, fish and other marine organisms are important examples. Minerals such as coal and petroleum are also included in this category because they were formed from decayed organic matter. †¢ Abiotic – Abiotic resources comprise of non-living things. Examples include land, water, air and minerals such as gold, iron, copper, silver etc. On the basis of the stage of development, natural resources may be called: †¢ Potential Resources – Potential resources are those which exist in a region and may be used in the future. For example, mineral oil may exist in many parts of India having sedimentary rocks but till the time it is actually drilled out and put into use, it remains a potential resource. †¢ Actual Resources are those which have been surveyed, their quantity and quality determined and are being used in present times. For example, the petroleum and the natural gas which is obtained from the Bombay High Fields. The development of an actual resource, such as wood processing depends upon the technology available and the cost involved. That part of the actual resource which can be developed profitably with available technology is called a reserve. On the basis of renewability, natural resources can be categorized into: †¢ Renewable Resources – Renewable resources are the ones which can be replenished or reproduced easily. Some of them, like sunlight, air, wind, etc. , are continuously available and their quantity is not affected by human consumption. Many renewable resources can be depleted by human use, but may also be replenished, thus maintaining a flow. Some of these, like agricultural crops, take a short time for renewal; others, like water, take a comparatively longer time, while still others, like forests, take even longer. †¢ Non-renewable Resources – Non-renewable resources are formed over very long geological periods. Minerals and fossils are included in this category. Since their rate of formation is extremely slow, they cannot be replenished once they get depleted. Out of these, the metallic minerals can be re-used by recycling them. But coal and petroleum cannot be recycled. On the basis of ownership,resources can be classified into:individual,community,national,and international Individual resources: Human resources Human beings are also considered to be resources because they have the ability to change raw materials into valuable resources. You read "Natural Resources" in category "Papers" The term Human resources can also be defined as the skills, energies, talents, abilities and knowledge that are used for the production of goods or the rendering of services. While taking into account human beings as resources, the following things have to be kept in mind: †¢ The size of the population The capabilities of the individuals in that population Resource use and sustainable development Many resources cannot be consumed in their original form. They have to be processed in order to change them into more usable commodities. This is known as resource development. With the rise in human numbers all over the world, the demand for resources has also increased. However, there is a difference in distribution of resources to different regions or countries. Developed countries use more resources than developing countries. The rising demand coupled with the over-consumption of resources has led to several problems: †¢ Resource depletion Accumulation of resources in the hands of a few †¢ Environmental degradation †¢ Tragedy of the commons †¢ Resource curse Uses of our Natural Resources Rock and mineral resources have a wide variety of uses and play a huge role in our lives The Mineral Information Institute has a poster showing how much of a variety of minerals each person uses in his or her lifetime. Minerals are important to our health. We need small amounts of a wide variety of minerals. Minerals found in Tennessee which people need include: calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, copper, fluoride, iron, and zinc. Coal, oil and natural gas provide us with almost all of the energy we use to light, heat and run our world. Minerals are ingredients in almost all of the products we use from fertilizer to plastics, from toothpaste to kitty litter, from knives to plates. Minerals are common ingredients in pigments. In fact, some of the earliest uses of minerals were as pigments. Minerals also play an important role in the processing of materials. Bentonite is important in well drilling, Barite is important in oil drilling. Fluorite is important in making steel |Resource |How are our resources used? characteristics exploited) | |Barite |Used in oil drilling to weigh down the oil and prevent gushers (high specific gravity), filler in paint, glass, | | |toothpaste. | |Chert |Used to make stone tools. (hardness, fracture patterns). Used as fill to provide a stable base for roads | | |(insolubility) | |Clay |Used to make pottery and bricks. Used for pet litter (ability to absorb water) | |Chalcopyrite (copper)|Copper is used to make electrical wiring (electrical conductivity). Used in alloys – bronze and brass (low | | |melting point, beauty, resistance to oxidation) Used as an ingredient in pigments (blue and green) | |Coal |Used as a fuel (flammable). The oils and tars produced processing coal are processed into a variety of organic | | |solvents and compounds such as plastics, motor fuel, photo developer, perfume, medicine, and sugar substitute. |Fluorite |Used as a flux – i. e. used as an intermediate chemical to separate metals from waste material. Another important | | |product made from fluorite is hydrofluoric acid, which is used in the pottery, optics, and plastics industry. | | |Fluorite is also used in making opalescent glass and in enameling cookware. | |Galena (lead) |The largest use of lead is in automotive batteries. It is also used as weights (high specific gravity). Used as | | |an ingredient in solder (soft, low melting point. ). Until recently it was also used as an ingredient in paint and| | |as an additive in gasoline to make engines run more smoothly. | |Gypsum |Gypsum is primarily used to make wallboard. It is also an ingredient in cement. | |Ilmenite (titanium) |Titanium is used in alloys to make strong light-weight materials – space ships, bicycles Used to make white paint| | |- non-toxic replacement for lead, which used to be used for this purpose. low reactivity) | |Iron |Iron is used for tools, for appliances, for building supports. It is also used as a pigment (red and ochre) | |Limestone |Limestone is used as building stone, for ornamental stone for surfaces and sculpture, to make cement and mortar, | | |as crushed stone for fill | |Mussel Shells |Mussel shells were used as ceremonial objects. European Americans have used shells as ornaments – buttons and | | |pearls for jewelry. | |Oil/Natural Gas |Oil and natural gas are used as fuels and ingredients in the chemical industry to produce petroleum based | | |products notably plastics. | |Phosphate |Phosphate is used as a fertilizer and to make phosphoric acid which is a major ingredient in food products such | | |as cola drinks. | |Saltpeter |Saltpeter was used as a fertilizer (source of nitrogen) and as an ingredient in gunpowder. It has now been | | |replaced by the related compound ammonium nitrate which can be manufactured in the laboratory. | |Sand Gravel |Sand and gravel are used as fill to provide a stable foundation for buildings and roads. | |Sandstone |Sandstone is used as a building material. | |Sphalerite (zinc) |Zinc is used as an ingredient in brass (with copper). It is used to coat (galvanize) iron implements to protect | | |them from rusting. It is used as a pigment (white) | Natural resources are raw materials we use to make other products. These include trees, minerals, aquatic life, gravel, coal, and many others. How can businesses remove these resources from an area and still maintain a working landscape? Responsible businesses know that they can make money producing products or gathering natural resources while they minimize the damage to their surroundings. Take a look at some products and possible damage from forestry, mining, and aquaculture. Forestry The forest industry is made up of businesses involved in the growing and harvesting of trees and other plant life from forests. |Products |Damages | |wood products |They provide lumber or timber for |clearcutting |Removing a large block of trees exposes ground, which is| | |building houses, boats, decks, and | |vulnerable to soil erosion. | |furniture. | | | |paper |They create pulp to make paper and |log jams |Over cutting may result in logs piling up and blocking | | |paper products. | |the natural flow of water. | |Christmas trees |They grow, cut, and sell Christmas |lost recreational |Forest landscapes are degraded. Who wants to visit a | | |trees. value |forest with no trees, or a river clogged with trees? | |landscaping |They fulfill our landscaping needs |lost renewable |New trees may not be planted. Forests are not renewable | | |with trees and plants. |resource |resources unless trees are planted to replace the trees | | | | |cut down. This also displaces wildlife. | Mining Mining is the process or business of removing ore, soil, rock, and minerals from the ground or from mountains. |Products |Damages | |Coins |Historically and currently used as |Reclamation | | |money. |Reclamation means restoring land that has been altered. Mining pits must be | | | |reclaimed after mining operations cease. Poor mining practices can destroy the| | | |environment and cost taxpayers a lot of money in clean-up. | | | |Habitat destruction | | | |Animal habitats are destroyed and biodiversity is compromised. | | |Pollution | | | |Mining by-products, called tailings, can pollute our air and water. | |Gold/Silver Standards|Influence the value of currency. | | |Fossil Fuels |Provide fuel by burning. | |Nutrition |Minerals are often used in vitamins. | | |Building Materials |Provide materials used in | | | |construction like aluminum and | | | |concrete. | |Jewelry |Gold, silver, diamonds and other | | | |precious stones provide material for | | | |jewelry. | |Gravel |Gravel is used to build roads and is | | | |mixed into cement to form concrete. | | Aquaculture Aquaculture is the business of raising marine or freshwater fish or shellfish under controlled conditions. |Products |Damages | |Oyster |Netpens |   |Areas of waterways that are lined off by nets; these result in large quantities of waste (just like other forms of intensive | | |animal production). | | | | | |Aquaculture Waste | | |Processing wastes are often released directly into natural bodies of water. | | | | |Protein | | |Many fish are carnivorous—they eat meat. The food provided in fish farms may not contain meat protein. The fish who eat this | | |food do not possess the same amount of protein as their natural counterparts. This can result in a less healthy fish. | | | | |Mangroves | | |Fishing operations (shrimp farms in particular) have damaged mangroves—trees and shrubs forming buffering boundaries between | | |land and saltwater environments. (This is an important ecosystem along coastlines. | |Clams | | |   | | |Shrimp | | |   | | |Lobster | | |   | | |Salmon | | |   | | |Trout | | |   | | How to cite Natural Resources, Papers

Financial Analysis EBITDA Enterprise

Question: Discuss about the Financial Analysis for EBITDA Enterprise. Answer: To decide on the issue of investing in BHP Billitron in Australia, some homework is necessary analyzing the relevant investment ratios which are helpful to infer about the viability of investing in the company(Glakas, 2011). Price Ratios: Valuation P/E Current -13.7 P/E Ratio (with extraordinary items) -13.6 Price to Sales Ratio 2.34 Price to Book Ratio 1.36 Price to Cash Flow Ratio 6.8 Enterprise Value to EBITDA 9.89 Enterprise Value to Sales 3.65 Total Debt to Enterprise Value 0.34 The above table showed price ratios of BHP Billitron Ltd as on 30.06.2016. There are positive trend showed in price to sales ratio, book ratio, cash flow ratio, enterprise value to EBITDA, enterprise value to sales ratio and total debt to enterprise value which is significant for investing in the company share. The negative impact showed in price to earning ratio- both in current and with extraordinary items which is due to revenue loss in 2016 F Y. the analysis encourages the investment probability on the company(Marketwatch, 2016). Profitability Analysis: Profitability Gross Margin 17.88 Operating Margin 7.86 Pretax Margin -16.68 Net Margin -20.66 Return on Assets -5.45 Return on Equity -11.16 Return on Total Capital -7.11 Return on Invested Capital -7.4 The above analysis showed negative impact on the elements of pretax margin, net margin, return on assets, return on equity return on total capital and return on invested capital but had shown positive impact on gross and operating margin. The negativity of the analysis may discourage the investment criterion while the positivity also draws the investors with positive mind(Marketwatch, 2016). Capital Structure: Capital Structure Total Debt to Total Equity 67.09 Total Debt to Total Capital 40.15 Total Debt to Total Assets 30.62 Long-Term Debt to Equity 58.52 Long-Term Debt to Total Capital 35.02 The above analysis showed the financial health of the company in respect of Debt. All the elements namely total debt to total equity, total capital, total assets and long term debt to equity and total capital showed as positive and below 100% which means the company has covered its debt well by the capital and assets and thus it is secured as on date so far debts are concerned. This is good feedback for investors so far fresh investment is considered(Marketwatch, 2016). Liquidity Ratio: Liquidity Current Ratio 1.44 Quick Ratio 1.16 Cash Ratio 0.85 The above liquidity ratio showed positive impact on the fields of current ratio, quick ratio and cash ratio. The positivity of the liquidity ratio showed the good financial health of the company which is encouraging for the new investors(Marketwatch, 2016). Recommendation: With the above analysis, it can be inferred that the present ratios on price, profitability, liquidity and capital structure can encourage the new investors with their element wise positive impacts. The negative impact showed under different elements in the form P/E current and P/E ration with extraordinary items along with profitability ratios except gross and operating margin projects the imbalances of the company but it is temporary as the company is dealing in the most profitable business globally(Bhpbilliton, 2016). References: Bhpbilliton. (2016). Integrity Resilience Growth Annual Report . Retrieved October 18, 2016, from Bhpbilliton: https://www.bhpbilliton.com/~/media/bhp/documents/investors/annual-reports/2016/bhpbillitonannualreport2016.pdf?utm_source=Websiteutm_medium=Organicutm_term=ARDownloadutm_campaign=AR2016 Glakas, S. (2011, July 01). 15 Financial Ratios Every Investor Should Use. Retrieved October 18, 2016, from investinganswers: https://www.investinganswers.com/education/ratio-analysis/15-financial-ratios-every-investor-should-use-3011 Marketwatch. (2016). Bhp Billiton Ltd. Retrieved October 18, 2016, from Marketwatch: https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/bhp/profile Marketwatch. (2016). Bhp Billiton Ltd. Retrieved October 18, 2016, from Marketwatch: https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/bhp/profile Marketwatch. (2016). Bhp Billiton Ltd. Retrieved October 18, 2016, from Marketwatch: https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/bhp/profile